The diagnosis is based not just on the current symptoms, but also take into account the problems and symptoms that have occurred through a person's life. Since there are no medical tests to establish this diagnosis, a mental health professional diagnoses bipolar disorder based on a person's history and symptoms. Thoughts of death, suicide attempts or plans.False beliefs (delusions) or false perceptions (hallucinations)ĭuring elated moods, a person may have delusions of grandeur, while irritable moods are often accompanied by paranoid or suspicious feelings.ĭuring a depressive period, symptoms may include:.Exaggerated, puffed-up self-esteem ("grandiosity").Symptoms of bipolar disorderĭuring the manic phase, symptoms can include: People who have bipolar disorder are also more likely to struggle with alcohol use or other substance use. The most important risk of this illness is the risk of suicide. When a particularly broad definition is used, the estimate can be even higher. Depending on how they define the disorder, researchers estimate that bipolar disorder occurs in up to 4% of the population. Since bipolar disorder can come in so many forms, it is difficult to determine its prevalence. Unlike depression, in which women are more frequently diagnosed, bipolar disorder happens nearly equally in men and women. People who have had one manic episode most likely will have others if they do not seek treatment. During such periods, it may be difficult to tell which mood - depression or mania - is more prominent. Some people with bipolar disorder switch frequently or rapidly between manic and depressive symptoms, a pattern that is often called "rapid cycling." If manic and depressive symptoms overlap for a period, it is called a "mixed" episode. People with this disorder fluctuate between hypomania and mild or moderate depression without ever developing a full manic or depressive episode. Bipolar depression can be much more distressing than mania and, because of the risk of suicide, is potentially more dangerous.Ī disorder that is classified separately, but is closely related to bipolar disorder, is cyclothymia. In fact, there is some evidence that the depression phase is much more common than periods of mania in this illness. Most people who have manic episodes also experience periods of depression.
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